O golpe que afastou a presidenta eleita Dilma Rousseff foi mais uma vez criticado fora do Brasil. Desta vez por por intelectuais estrangeiros firmaram um manifesto condenando o impeachment.
O documento foi assinado por nomes como os filósofos alemães Jürgen Habermas, Axel Honneth e Rainer Forst, a filósofa feminista norte-americana Nancy Fraser e o filósofo canadense Charles Taylor.
O protesto foi ampliado pela professora de Ética e Filosofia Política do Departamento de Filosofia da Unicamp Yara Frateschi e pela professora de Filosofia da UFABC Miriam Madureira, e fora apresentado pela primeira vez durante a Conferência Internacional de Filosofia e Ciências Sociais em Praga, na República Tcheca, em maio.
Segundo Frateschi, o manifesto teve adesão rápida da maioria dos participantes do evento, constituindo um apoio importante na resistência contra o golpe.
“Tivemos uma adesão de pessoas que têm estado por toda a sua vida defendendo a democracia”, disse Frateschi em entrevista ao site de notícias “Opera Mundi”. “Não se tratava ali de uma adesão partidária, mas de uma clara manifestação de solidariedade aos brasileiros”.
Os intelectuais criticam o impeachment de Dilma, qualificando o processo como um “golpe branco”. Afirmam que a oposição, formada por partidos de direita, aproveitou-se de uma crise econômica para fazer uma campanha “violenta” contra a presidenta.
Segundo o manifesto, o objetivo do impeachment é atacar direitos sociais garantidos pelo governo Dilma, desregulamentar a economia e frear as investigações de corrupção.
Diante da receptividade do documento em Praga, as acadêmicas decidiram ampliar a proposta para contar com o apoio de outras pessoas contrárias ao golpe.
Até o momento, mais de cem intelectuais de diversas instituições já aderiram ao documento. Outro ponto importante, para Frateschi, é o nível de informação dos acadêmicos a respeito da situação política do Brasil.
Para ela, isso se deve à mídia estrangeira que, ao contrário da imprensa tradicional brasileira, tem revelado os escândalos de corrupção em que o governo de Michel Temer está envolvido.
“Eles [acadêmicos] estavam perfeitamente informados de que era um golpe ‘branco’”, afirma Frateschi.
Ela diz que, entre as mensagens de apoio recebidas, a maioria faz menção ao processo de justiça social que esteve em curso nos últimos anos e que será interrompido se o impeachment se concretizar.
Segundo a professora, os acadêmicos manifestam que “o Brasil nos últimos anos foi capaz de iniciar um processo de transformação social dentro das regras democráticas”.
Artistas e intelectuais estrangeiros também manifestam solidariedade ao Brasil em um manifesto assinado por mais de mil pessoas.
Segundo o texto, os movimentos sociais “estão sujeitos a uma ofensiva política de grande magnitude que leva o Brasil a um período de grande retrocesso democrático”.
O manifesto lembra que Dilma, eleita com 54 milhões de votos, foi afastada temporariamente da presidência sem crime de responsabilidade.
Leia abaixo, em inglês, o manifesto: “MANIFESTO
IN DEFENSE OF THE DEMOCRATIC RULE OF LAW IN BRAZIL
On the 31st of March 1964, a coup d’état installed a civil-military dictatorship in Brazil, inaugurating a dark 21-year period of suspension of civil and political guarantees. Today, 52 years after, the Brazilian people face once more a break of the democratic order. As a result of the acceptance by the Senate of an impeachment process based on accounting irregularities, Dilma Rousseff, who had been elected in 2014 for a mandate of 4 years, was forced, on the 12th of May 2016, to stand down as President of the Republic. Even though this removal is supposed to be temporary, lasting up to 180 days, period during which the senators should reconvene to evaluate the motives that have resulted in the impeachment process, it is unlikely that Dilma should return to office.
Dilma Rousseff’s temporary removal from office is the culmination of a process characterised by unprecedented arbitrariness and polarisation in democratic Brazilian society, perceptible at least since her re-election in 2014. By attributing the recent corruption scandals exclusively to the Worker’s Party’s (PT) administrations (although they were the only ones who had the courage to investigate them through, even when investigations turned against their own) and by manipulating public opinion against the supposed risks of a left-wing takeover of the country, the right-wing opposition to Dilma Rousseff’s government took advantage of the economic crisis that emerged after years of stability and growth and led a violent media campaign against it. It managed to aggregate against the Workers’ Party (PT) and Lula’s and Dilma’s governments large sections of business elites and conservative middles classes, as well as authoritarian sectors represented in Congress and in the Judiciary, evidently aiming the hammering down of the social rights secured by Dilma’s government and the deregulation of economy. Besides, once in power, they will probably decline to further investigate corruption as it is likely to involve their own people, as opposed to Dilma Rousseff, whose probity in the administration of public affairs is not doubted, as corruption charges are not part of the impeachment process.
The impeachment is a juridical tool of extremely restricted scope in Brazilian presidentialism. It is regulated by Art.85 of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, and its use is restricted to cases involving serious offenses (crimes de responsabilidade, “responsibility crimes”) carried out by the President. As the accounting irregularities in the administration of public funds that Dilma Rousseff is accused of are not serious offenses in the sense prescribed by the Constitution, it is evident that this impeachment is not legitimately grounded. Furthermore, the whole process was full of questionable aspects, which contribute to add further illegitimacy to its results. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to consider the present impeachment process against Dilma Rousseff a white coup, which will yield long-lasting consequences to the democratic Rule of Law in Brazil. In the face of all this, we consider necessary to state our absolute repudiation of the illegitimate destitution of President Dilma Rousseff, and our strong support for the maintenance of the Rule of Law in Brazil.
Albena Azmanova – University of Kent, Belgium Alessandro Ferrara – University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy Alina Valjent – Witten/Herdecke University – Germany Allan Breedlove –Loyola University Chicago, USA Alois Blumentritt – University Wien, Austria Amy Allen – Pennsylvania State University – USA Anahi Wiedenburg – London School of Economics, Argentina/UK Andreas Niederberger – Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany Anna Dißmann – Witten/Herdecke University – Germany Arthur Oliveira Bueno –University of Erfurt, Germany Asger Sorensen – Aarhus University, Denmark Axel Honneth – University of Frankfurt/Columbia University, Germany/USA Aysen Candas – Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey Barbara Fultner – Denison University, USA Bernat Riutort Serra – University of Illes Ballears –Spain Brian Milstein – Goethe University Frankfurt, USA/Germany Carlos Henrique Santana – TU Darmstadt, Germany Charles Taylor – Mc Gill University, Canada Christopher Zurn – University of Massachussetts/Boston, USA Cora McKeena – Trinity College, Ireland Cristina Sánchez – Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain Dan Swain – Czech University of Life Sciences, Czech Republic Daniele Santoro – CNR, National Research Council of Italy, Italy David Alvarez – University of Minho/Braga, Portugal David Rasmussen – Boston College, USA Debora Spini – Syracuse University in Florence, Italy Dónal O’Farrell – Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Elisabeth v. Thadden – University of Jena, Germany Felicia Herrschaft – Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany Filip Vostal – Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic Firica Stefan – University of Bucharest, Romania Francisco Naishtat – Universidad de Buenos Aires –Argentina François Calori – Université de Rennes 1, France Gesche Keding – Jena University, Germany Giulia Lasagni – Università de Parma, Italy Giuseppe Ballacci – University of Minho, Portugal Gorana Ognjenovich – University of Oslo, Norway Gustavo Leyva Martínez – Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México Hans-Herbert Kögler – University of North Florida, USA Hartmut Rosa – Jena University, Germany Heikki Ikäheimo – University of New South Wales, Australia Igor Shoikhedbrod – University of Toronto, Canada Isadora Henrichs – Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Italo Testa – Parma University, Italy Jazna Jozelic – University of Oslo, Norway João Honoreto – University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany Joaquín Valdivielso-Navarro – Universitat Illes Balears, Spain Johan Söderberg – Göteborg University, Sweden Johanna Oksala – University of Helsinki, Finland Johannes Schulz – Frankfurt University, Germany John Lumsden – University of Essex, UK Jonathan Bowman – University of Arkansas, USA Julian Culp – University of Frankfurt, Germany Jürgen Habermas – J.W. Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Germany Karoline Rhein – Witten/Herdecke University – Germany Kendralyn Webber –University of California Riverside, USA Lenny Moss – University of Exeter, UK Leonardo da Hora Pereira – Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, France Lorenz Mrones – University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany Luiz Gustavo de Cunha de Souza – Institut für Sozialforschung/Frankfurt –Germany Marco Solinas – Florence University, Italy Marek Hrubec – Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic Maria Ines Bergoglio – Universidad nacional de Córdoba, Argentina María José Guerra – Universidad de Laguna –Spain María Pía Lara – Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico Marjan Ivkovic – University of Belgrade, Serbia Mark Haugaard – University Galway – Ireland Marlon Urizar Natareno, Universidad Rafael Landívar, Guatemala Martin Javornicky – University of Galway, Ireland Martin Sauter – n/a –Ireland Martin Seel – J.W.Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Germany Masao Higarashi – Ritsumeikan University –Japan Matteo Bianchin – University of Milano, Italy Matthias Kettner – University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany Matthias Lutz-Bachmann – J.W. Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Germany Melis Menent – University of Sussex, UK Miriam Mesquita Sampaio de Madureira – Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México Mykhailo Minakov – Kiev-Mohyla Academy, Ukraine Nancy Fraser –New School for Social Research, USA Nancy Love –Appalachian State University, USA Natalia Frozel Barros –University of Paris 1, France Nathan Cogné – Trinity College Dublin, Ireland Nicola Patruno – Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany Niklas Angebauer – University of Essex, UK Odin Lysaker – Agder University, Norway Ojvind Larsen – Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Onni Hirvonen – University of Jyväskylä, Finland Pablo Gilabert – Concordia University, Canada Patrick O’Mahonny – University College Cork –Ireland Philipp Schink – J.W. Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Germany Philippe Sonnet – Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium Pierre Schwarzer – Universität Witten/Herdecke, Germany Radu Neculau – University of Windsor, Canada Rahel Jaeggi – Humboldt University Berlin, Germany Rainer Forst – University of Frankfurt, Germany Richard Stahel – University of Constantin the Philosopher in Nitra, Slovak Republic Robert Fine – Warwick University, UK Robin Celikates – University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Rodrigo Cordero – Universidad Diego Portales –Chile Ronan Kaczyznski – Goethe University, Germany Rosie Worsdale – University of Essex, UK Ruy Fausto – USP/Université de Paris 8, Brazil/France Steven L. White – Wayne State University, USA Susan L. Foster – UCLA, USA Thomas Fossen – Leiden University, The Netherlands Valerio Fabbrizi – University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Italy Wolfgang Heuer – Freie Universität Berlin, Germany Zuzana Uhde – Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic”
Fonte: Agência PT de Notícias